f you have bought an off-the-shelf computer recently, chances are that it came with Windows preloaded onto the system. Unfortunately, many of these systems with Windows preinstalled do not come with a Windows setup CDROM; at best they include a Recovery Disk that restores the system to its shipping condition. If you plan to reformat and do a clean installation of your system, you might think that you have to buy another additional Windows XP licence even though you have already paid for one for that same machine. This article shows you how you can re-create a usable and bootable Windows XP installation CD using your running system.
Why Create a Bootable Windows Setup CD?
There are at least a few reasons why you might need a bootable Windows Setup disc:
1. Very often, people want to reinstall a system to remove the crap that comes preinstalled on their system. If you have bought any PC or laptop from brands like Dell, HP, Acer, etc, you will know what I mean. The manufacturer typically installs tons of demo and trial software, toolbars and other junk that clutter up your system and slow it down. Uninstalling these programs take a lot of time, and even when it is done, there are still residual pieces of the previous installation littered across your hard disk and the registry. In such a situation, it is useful to reinstall a pristine copy of Windows, load the drivers and only the software you actually want to use.
2. Another possible reason is that you've used your system for some time, and it's become incredibly sluggish and cluttered. You want to reinstall and start from scratch. To simplify the process, you want to integrate (slipstream) all the Windows hotfixes, device drivers, applications, etc, into your Windows install disk, so that when you finish running the Windows installer, your system is good to go, without the need to wait a few hours for Windows Update to catch up with the last few years' worth of Windows Update. For this slipstreaming to take place, you need a Windows setup CD.
3. If you want to do a repair install of Windows, you will need a bootable Windows install disc.
I'm sure there are many other possible reasons why you might need a Windows Installation CD, but let's get on with the procedure for making one.
Prerequisites
Before you can recreate a bootable Windows installation disk, certain things are required:
1.
A Windows XP System
This guide only applies to Windows XP systems, be it XP Home or Professional. I have not tested this procedure on other versions of Windows.
2.
An I386 Directory (Folder) on your Hard Disk
This is essential. Without this, the procedure outlined on this page will not work. To find out whether you can use the steps listed on this page to re-create your bootable Windows XP setup disk, look for into your system drive (usually the C: drive), and see if you can find a folder named I386 in the root directory. That is, see if you have the C:\I386 folder on your hard disk.
If your PC or laptop came from the major PC vendors like HP, Dell or Acer, chances are that there is an I386 folder on your hard disk, unless you've deleted it.
3.
Windows License Key
When you bought your PC or laptop, it probably already came with Windows pre-activated, which means that you could use the computer out-of-the-box without having to enter your Windows licence key from Microsoft or needing to activate the machine.
However, when you reinstall Windows, you will need a Windows licence key. You can usually find this taped somewhere on your computer (sometimes on the underside or back of the computer). Without this, you won't get far in the installation.
4.
Device Drivers
Some manufacturers provide you with the device drivers for your system on a CD that comes with your system. Others require you to go to their website and download these drivers. Whichever the case may be, make sure you have all your drivers handy before you start. Burn them onto a CD or DVD. Do not leave them on your hard disk, since your clean installation of Windows will probably wipe out everything on your hard disk. If your computer has SATA, IDE, SCSI or other mass storage devices (for your hard disks) that the Windows installer does not recognize out of the box, you will need to create a floppy disk with the drivers for that device. At the appropriate time, when Windows prompts you to hit F6 to load the drivers from a floppy disk, you will need to so. This is however outside the scope of this tutorial.
If your manufacturer has not provided you with any device drivers, or if you have lost the drivers CD or DVD that the vendor has provided you, all is not lost. You can try using a device driver backup program to extract the existing drivers on your currently running system. Burn the drivers onto a CD or DVD before starting. You can get a device driver backup program from the Free Device Driver Backup and Extraction Utilities page on thefreecountry.com. Note that backing up your device drivers in this manner will not help you if your computer has SATA, IDE, SCSI or other mass storage devices (for your hard disk) that Windows setup does not recognise. In such cases, you need the manufacturers' textmode drivers which the driver backup utility will not recreate.
5.
CD/DVD Burning Software
You will need to have a CD/DVD burning software that will allow you to create Bootable CDs. Not all DVD or CD mastering programs allow you to do this, especially the OEM versions that are bundled with new computers or DVD/CD writers.
For the purpose of this tutorial, I will use ImgBurn, a free burning software that you can find listed on the Free CD and DVD Burners and Copying Software page. You can of course use other software, but since it is difficult for me to write a tutorial that covers every possible burning software around, this guide will assume that you are using ImgBurn. Since the software is available free of charge, I doubt that this choice will pose significant hardship for most (if not all) people.
6.
Windows Setup CD Boot Sector
You will also need the boot sector of an existing bootable Windows 2000, XP or 2003 setup CDROM. The easiest way to get this is to download the file wxp10.zip from one of the links on http://www.nu2.nu/download.php?sFile=wxp10.zip. In fact, you should do this now. Download the file and save it on your desktop. You will need the file later.
I would also strongly suggest that you make a backup image of your entire system, the whole system and not just your data, before you reinstall it. This is important in case there is some glitch in your installation or some fault in the setup CD that you create, resulting in an unusable system. In such a situation, you will be able to restore your working system from your backup image. (If you are not sure what a backup image is, or think that I'm only talking about saving your documents to another location, or worse, think that "image" refers to some sort of picture, please do not carry on with this procedure.)
If you don't have a decent hard disk backup and image software, you can check out the Free Hard Disk Backup and Restore, Hard Disk Image and Cloning Utilitiespage. If you are tinkering with your system, you owe it to yourself (and your sanity) to get a good hard disk image (backup) program.
Important Note
Note that there are NO GUARANTEES with the procedure I outline here. It is possible that it does not work - for example, if your vendor has deleted some essential file in the I386 folder (which we will need), your installation may well fail at some crucial point after it has formatted your hard disk! It is also possible that my procedure will not work on your system, or that I made some mistake in describing it here. So do it all at your own risk. And make sure you have an up-to-date backup of your system that you know works.
Steps to Creating a Bootable Windows Setup Disk from the I386 Directory/Folder
1.
Create a temporary working folder at the root (top) of the C: drive called "XPSETUP" (without the quotes). Actually, you can name it anything you want and put it anywhere you like, but for ease of explanation, the remainder of the steps below will assume that you have created the XPSETUP folder in the root of drive C:. This C:\XPSETUP folder will be where you will create the CDROM directory structure for your bootable Windows CD.
2.
Copy the entire C:\I386 to C:\XPSETUP. When you have finished, you will have C:\XPSETUP\I386. Notice that I said "copy", not "move". Do NOT drag and drop the I386 folder into the XPSETUP directory. If you do so, you may wind up moving it into the XPSETUP folder (depending on where you created the XPSETUP folder). It is important to work from a copy of the I386 directory so that if you make mistakes, you can simply go back and start all over again. If you move the directory or drag and drop it, and you make a mistake, your mistake will be permanent. So once again, COPY the entire I386 folder to XPSETUP. It may take a while for the copy operation to complete, but it's safer this way.
If you're not sure how to copy, follow the following procedure: Highlight the I386 folder using Windows Explorer. Right-click the folder and select "Copy". Then open the XPSETUP folder. The folder should be empty at the moment. Right click the empty space in the window and click "Paste". A very lengthy copy procedure will take place.
To verify that you have copied the folder and not moved it, return to the top of C: and check that the I386 folder is still there and that the original files in that folder are still there.
3.
Create an ASCII text file with only the word "Windows " (without the quotes and including the final space after the word "Windows") in it, followed by a new line. To do this, open up Notepad. Notepad can be found in your Start menu -> Programs -> Accessories -> Notepad. Type the word "Windows" without the quotes and following my case exactly (that is, "W" is a capital letter and the rest are in small letters). Then type one additional space. Finally, hit the ENTER key. Do not add anything else to this file. Do not change anything - for example, do not type everything in capital letters or anything like that. The contents of the file must be exactly as I said, or Windows setup will issue an error message.
Save the file with the filename "WIN51" (include the quotes so that Notepad will not add a ".txt" extension behind your back) in C:\XPSETUP. Again, the filename's spelling and case must be exactly like mine.
If your PC or laptop originally came with XP Home, make a copy of the file you just created and call it "WIN51IC". If you are using XP Home Service Pack 1 (SP 1), make two copies of the file and call them "WIN51IC" and "WIN51IC.SP1". If you are using XP Home Service Pack 2 (SP 2), make three copies of the file and call them "WIN51IC", "WIN51IC.SP1" and "WIN51IC.SP2". All the copies of the files should be in C:\XPSETUP.
If your PC or laptop originally came with XP Professional, make a copy of the file you just created and call it "WIN51IP". If you are using XP Professional Service Pack 1 (SP 1), make two copies of the file and call them "WIN51IP" and "WIN51IP.SP1". If you are using XP Professional Service Pack 2 (SP 2), make three copies of the file and call them "WIN51IP", "WIN51IP.SP1" and "WIN51IP.SP2". All the copies of the files should be in C:\XPSETUP.
Note carefully what I said above. You may be running XP SP 2 now, but if your PC came with XP SP 1, you should create the files for XP SP 1. There is an exception to this. If your PC or laptop came with XP or XP SP 1, but you want your Windows install CD to install XP SP 2, create the WIN51 files needed for SP 2 and follow the procedure for slipstreaming Windows service pack 2 (SP 2) into the Windows setup CDROM given in the next step.
4.
If your PC or laptop came originally with XP or XP SP 1 (service pack 1) but you want your Windows setup disk to install XP SP 2, do the following. Otherwise, skip to the next step.
Note that even if you have since updated your computer to SP 2, you will still need to do this step if you want your setup CD to install Windows XP Service Pack 2. The reason is that updating your running Windows system does not automatically update the I386 directory. Your I386 directory still contains the Windows setup files belonging to whatever version of Windows you had when you first bought your PC/laptop.
1.
Download Windows XP service pack 2 from http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=049C9DBE-3B8E-4F30-8245-9E368D3CDB5A&displaylang=en Save it anywhere you like except in the C:\XPSETUP folder. For the purpose of this tutorial, I will assume you saved it as C:\XPSP2.EXE, that is, in the root folder with the filename "XPSP2.EXE".
2.
You will need to update the C:\XPSETUP\I386 folder to contain the updated SP 2 files. As a side benefit, the service pack 2 updater will also create a few files (including setup.exe) in the C:\XPSETUP folder. This process of integrating the service pack files into the original XP or XP SP 1 is known as "slipstreaming".
To slipstream SP 2, first open up a command prompt. To do this, click the Start menu, select the Run menu item, and enter the words "cmd". Click the OK button. A black command prompt window will open.
Enter the following line into the window and press the ENTER key.
C:\XPSP2 /integrate:C:\XPSETUP
After the program finishes, you can close the command prompt window. If you look into your XPSETUP folder, you will notice a few new files there.
5.
At this point, the C:\XPSETUP directory contains all the files that will be copied to your Windows Setup CDROM. Don't worry if the directory does not contain files like "setup.exe" which you see on the retail CDROMs. You won't need it for a fresh install from the bootable CDROM. Note: You will only have "setup.exe" if you had to slipstream Service Pack 2 as mentioned earlier. The Service Pack 2 slipstreamer creates setup.exe for you.
6.
Now open the wxp10.zip file that you downloaded earlier. Simply doubleclicking it in Windows explorer should do the trick. Go into the cds directory and into wxphome (or wxppro - it doesn't matter which) directory, followed by the files directory. Drag the "w2ksect.bin" file into C:\ (the root directory/folder of drive C:).
Burning the Bootable Windows Install CD/DVD
1.
If you have not downloaded ImgBurn, get it now and install it. You will find it listed on thefreecountry.com's Free CD and DVD Burners and Copying Software page.
2.
Open up Notepad, and copy the text from the box below (make sure you select everything - click in the box and type Ctrl+A to select all) and paste it into a blank Notepad window. Save the file as "XPSETUP.ibb" (including the quotes - you need it to prevent Notepad from adding a ".txt" extension to your filename) somewhere on your desktop (or anywhere you like). Do not add or delete anything from the file.
IBB
[START_BACKUP_OPTIONS]
BuildMode=1
Destination=0
TestMode=0
Verify=1
WriteSpeed=0
Copies=0
FileSystem=0
PreserveFullPathnames=0
RecurseSubdirectories=1
IncludeHiddenFiles=0
IncludeSystemFiles=0
IncludeArchiveFilesOnly=0
AddToWriteQueueWhenDone=0
ClearArchiveAttribute=0
VolumeLabel_ISO9660=VRMHOEM_EN
VolumeLabel_Joliet=
VolumeLabel_UDF=
Identifier_System=
Identifier_VolumeSet=
Identifier_Publisher=
Identifier_Preparer=
Identifier_Application=
Dates_FolderFileType=0
Restrictions_ISO9660_InterchangeLevel=0
Restrictions_ISO9660_AllowMoreThan8DirectoryLevels=1
Restrictions_ISO9660_AllowMoreThan255CharactersInPath=1
Restrictions_ISO9660_AllowFullASCIICharacterSet=1
Restrictions_ISO9660_DontAddVersionNumberToFiles=1
Restrictions_Joliet_InterchangeLevel=1
Restrictions_Joliet_AddVersionNumberToFiles=0
BootableDisc_MakeImageBootable=1
BootableDisc_MediaEmulationType=0
BootableDisc_BootImageFile=C:\w2ksect.bin
BootableDisc_DeveloperIdentifier=
BootableDisc_LoadSegment=07C0
BootableDisc_LoadSectorCount=4
[END_BACKUP_OPTIONS]
[START_BACKUP_LIST]
C:\XPSETUP
[END_BACKUP_LIST]
#
Start ImgBurn. Select Mode -> Build from the menu.
#
Select File -> Load Project from the menu. A dialog box will open. Select the XPSETUP.ibb file you saved earlier and click "Open". If you can't find a "Load Project" item on the File menu, it means you did not carry out the previous step. Go back and do it.
#
Click the "Labels" tab on the right side of the screen. Change the label in the ISO9660 field to one of the following, depending on what type of bootable setup CD you're making.
Version Label to Use
Windows XP Home OEM WXHOEM_EN
Windows XP Home SP 1 OEM XRMHOEM_EN
Windows XP Home SP 1a and SP 2 OEM X1AHOEM_EN
Windows XP Professional OEM WXPOEM_EN
Windows XP Professional SP 1 OEM XRMPOEM_EN
Windows XP Professional SP 1a and SP 2 OEM X1APOEM_EN
This step is probably optional if you can't be bothered. I seem to recall having entered a wrong label in the past without having the Windows installer fail on me.
At this point, the bootable Windows setup disk will be created. To use it, place the CD into the CD drive, make sure your BIOS is set to boot first from your CD drive, and reboot. Viola, if all goes well, the Windows installer starts up and you're on the way to reinstalling your system.
Copyright 2006-2007 by Christopher Heng. All rights reserved. Get more "How To" guides and tutorials from http://www.howtohaven.com/.
This article can be found at http://www.howtohaven.com/system/createwindowssetupdisk.shtml
So guys do check it out !!
Monday, September 03, 2007
Free Encryption / Cryptographic Software, Free On the Fly Encryption, Free Disk Encryption Tools, Steganography, Free Public Key Encryption Software
This page lists free encryption / cryptographic software of a wide variety. There are free on-the-fly disk encryption / on the fly file encryption (OTFE) software that transparently encrypts files on your disk drive (or partition), on demand encryption tools that allow you to encrypt single files for those one-off occasions when you need encryption public key encryption which is particularly useful for things like email (where the key you use to encrypt your data is different from the key used to decrypt the data), etc. Included here are also software that can perform steganography, a sort of invisible encryption, where the plaintext version of your sensitive data is encrypted and hidden inside another file (typically images or sound or video files).
Caution: Be careful when you use cryptographic / encryption software that do not tell you which algorithm they use. Claims like "strong encryption" and "secure encryption" do not tell you very much - after all, anyone can simply convert the letters on (say) this page to numbers (where a=1, b=2, etc) and still claim it is strong encryption / cryptography. Of course I doubt any program uses such kindergarten tricks. Nonetheless, words like "proprietary encryption" should set you on your guard, and words like "unbreakable encryption" should make you very suspicious. In general, the publicly available encryption algorithms like Rjindael AES tend to be better tested with the weaknesses and strengths known than some obscure proprietary algorithm that might well turn out to be a snake oil product. Note that this is not a comment on the quality of any of the products listed here - it's just a generally well-known cautionary note.
Furthermore, if you need to ensure the privacy or security of your data, you might also be interested in the Free Destructive Deletion Tools, Disk and File Wipe Utilities, Secure Deletion Software page.
As usual, commercial software like the well-known PGP Whole Disk Encryption and PGP Desktop Email Encryption are not listed here.
Sections within this page
* Free On the Fly Disk/File Encryption (OTFE)
* Free Public Key Encryption Software
* Free Encryption Software with Steganography
* Other Free Encryption Software, Free Disk Encryption Tools
Related Pages
* Free Secure Deletion Tools, Wipe Files/Disks, Destructive Data Erasure
* Free Encrypted Email, Encrypted Chat
* Free Encryption Libraries, Cryptographic Source Code
* Free Personal Firewalls
* Free Antivirus Softwrae and Online Virus Scanning
* Free Spyware/Adware/Trojans/Keyloggers/Hijackers Removal, Detection and Prevention Tools
* Free HIPS (Host Intrustion Prevention System) and Application and System Monitoring Software
* Free Anonymous Surfing
* Hard Disk Backup and Restore, Hard Disk Image and Cloning Utilities
Disclaimer
The information provided on this page comes without any warranty whatsoever. Use it at your own risk. Just because a program, book, document or service is listed here or has a good review does not mean that I endorse or approve of the program or of any of its contents. All the other standard disclaimers also apply.
Free On the Fly Disk / File Encryption (OTFE)
Scramdisk 4 Linux New
Scramdisk 4 Linux is a suite of Linux tools that allow you to create and access Scramdisk and TrueCrypt containers. It has a Linux driver that allows you to mount such containers. Scramdisk for Windows and TrueCrypt are free on-the-fly disk encryption software that you can find elsewhere on this page.
FreeOTFE
FreeOTFE is an open source OTFE (on the fly disk encryption) software for Windows. It presumably creates encrypted partitions (the documentation does not explicitly state this, nor does it state if it supports the creation of encrypted container files). You mount the encrypted volume under Windows and it appears as a drive which you can use normally. FreeOTFE supports "hidden volumes" which are encrypted volumes that are created inside another encrypted volume. All FreeOTFE volumes also have no identifiable signature. It is compatible with Linux losetup, which is useful if you need to use your encrypted volumes in both Linux and Windows. Supported ciphers include AES and Twofish, and supported hash algorithms include MD2, MD4, MD5, RIPEMD-128, RIPEMD-160, SHA-1, SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512. At the time I write this review, FreeOTFE is still in BETA testing.
TrueCrypt
TrueCrypt is the successor to E4M (which is no longer maintained). You can use it to encrypt an entire partition of your hard disk or to create an encrypted container file which appears like a normal hard disk to Windows. You can then store and access your files on that virtual drive just like any other file. Since the program does not mark the encrypted container (or partition) in any way, there's no way to for any intruder to guess which file is your encrypted container. This, according to the author, also preserves plausible deniability. Encryption algorithms supported include AES, Blowfish, CAST, IDEA (removed in version 2.1a) and Triple-DES. The source code is available free. This program works under Windows XP, 2000 and 2003 and Linux.
CompuSec
This encryption software will encrypt your entire hard disk (including your operating system) using a "fast AES algorithm". It also supports the encryption of floppy disks, memory sticks and other removable devices. Even your Windows hibernation file is stored encrypted on the disk.
Cryptainer LE
Cryptainer LE allows you to create 25 MB encrypted containers that appear to Windows as disk drives. It supports Windows 95 (OSR 2), 98, ME, 2000, XP and 2003. It uses the Blowfish algorithm. It apparently also allows you to send encrypted emails as well.
CryptoExpert Lite
CryptoExpert Lite is a free on the fly encryption program that creates a virtual disk on your disk from a container file. It supports the CAST encryption algorithm.
E4M Disk Encryption
Working with documents on your computer where you don't want prying eyes to see? You can get free software that sets up a drive on your hard disk where all files saved will be encrypted. The drive need not be an actual hard disk or partition, it can be a file that is set up to look like a drive to Windows for transparent operation. It is easy to use, free, freely redistributable with the full source code available. It works on all Windows systems. Supported encryption include DES, IDEA, Triple-DES, Blowfish, and CAST. If you find yourself continually encrypting individual files on your computer, this might prove to be the easier to use solution. Note: E4M is no longer being maintained. The link above leads to a third party site.
Scramdisk Encryption
Scramdisk allows you to create an encrypted virtual drive on your Windows systems where you can store files which will be automatically encrypted. The drive acts like a normal drive which you can access just like any other disk drive on your system. Supported encryption algorithms include Triple DES (EDE), Blowfish, DES, IDEA, MISTY1, Square, and TEA (both 16 and 32 rounds). This software is no longer supported.
Free Public Key Encryption Software
Windows Privacy Tools (WinPT)
Windows Privacy Tools (including the Windows Privacy Tray, ie WinPT Tray, and the WinPT Explorer Extensions), is a set of tools that allow you to encrypt your data using GnuPG (see elsewhere on this page). It is a frontend to GnuPG that resides in your system tray that may be used as a universal plug-in to any email software. The software is free.
PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) Public Key Encryption
The above link is to the International PGP Home Page, where you can get free binaries and sources for Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) for a variety of operating systems for either US or non-US countries. You can use PGP to encrypt your email in conjunction with your email client, be it Eudora, ELM, PINE, or whatever. PGP is a public key encryption system, which means that you have two keys (passwords), one which is known only to you and the other is known to your recipient. Messages or documents (or whatever) encoded with one key can only be decoded with the other. You can read more about this from the PGP FAQs at the site. Note that the free versions of PGP lag behind the commercial (paid) PGP Whole Disk Encryption and PGP Desktop Email Encryption.
GPG: GNU Privacy Guard
GPG, a.k.a. GnuPG, is the GNU version of PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), a public key encryption system. Like all things GNU, it is free and can be freely distributed and modified. It is generally compatible with the newer PGP versions (depending on the encryption algorithms you choose); but you should read their FAQ for more details.
Free Encryption Software with Steganography
S-Tools
S-Tools is an encryption software with steganographic capabilities. It hides files in BMP, GIF and WAV files after compressing and encrypting them. It runs on Windows and supports drag and drop. It uses the facilities provided in a freely available encryption library cryptlib (which supports a host of well known encryption algorithms like AES, Blowfish, etc) to perform its encryption.
4t HIT Mail Privacy Lite
This encryption software allows you to hide your private data such as email messages inside an image (JPG, GIF, TIFF, BMP, etc). The image is still viewable as an image, but it also contains the encrypted version of your secret message (steganography). The website does not specify which encryption algorithm is used.
Camouflage
This encryption software performs steganographic functions as well. It encrypts your file using an unspecified algorithm (in fact the website merely says it scrambles your data) and attaches them in another file of your choice, such as sound files, picture files, etc. I suspect that this software is only for the casual user (who merely wants to hide files from a prying brother or sister) and not for anyone who really needs strong encryption (such as governmental agencies, banks, companies, and the like).
Other Free Encryption Software, Free Disk Encryption Tools
LockNote New
LockNote encrypts your documents using AES 256. Your encrypted document will have an embedded decryption program that will run when you (or your recipient, if you are sending your document to someone else) double-click it in Windows NT/2000/XP. You can then enter the password to decrypt the document. The program is released under the GNU GPL.
BCArchive
BCArchive is an encrypting, compressing archiver. It can compress a file, a group of files, or folders (subdirectories), and place the result into an encrypted archive. It uses algorithms like IDEA and Blowfish to encrypt the data, and PKCS #5 for deriving the encrypted key from the password string. It is also able to create a self-extracting archive, so that the recipient of your archive (if you're sending it to someone) need not have to install BCArchive to access your files. You can also use public/secret key pairs with this program. BCArchive supports the following symmetric algorithms: Blowfish, IDEA, Triple-DES and CAST5. It supports the following asymmetric algorithms: RSA and ElGammal/Diffie-Hellman. Secure hash algorithms supported include SHA-256, SHA-1, MD5, RIPEMD-160.
AxCrypt
AxCrypt allows you to encrypt your files with the AES encryption algorithm (128-bit key). It supports the use of key files, huge files (more than 4 GB), shredding of temporary and plaintext files, an extensive command line interface as well as a right click interface from Windows Explorer, etc. The program is open source, distributed under the GNU General Public License.
FineCrypt
FineCrypt allows you to encrypt a limited number of folders and files (although it will not encrypt archives like ZIP, ARC, CAB, ARJ, TAR and GZ files). Encryption algorithms supported include MARS, RC-6, Rjindael (AES), Serpent, Twofish, and others. You can encrypt select your encryption mode as well, from ECB, CBC, CFB and OFB. The software also allows you to create encrypted self-extracting executables.
File Buddy
File Buddy encrypts and decrypts your files as well as securely wipes your original plaintext versions. It works on Windows 95, 98, ME, NT4, 2000. It is also able to compress your files before encrypting. The website does not specify the encryption algorithm used.
Crypto-Lock
Crypto-Lock uses SHA-1 and Blowfish (CBC mode) to encrypt your files (including executable files) after compressing it. It can produce self-decrypting modules, and overwrite the original plaintext version.
PowerCrypt 2000
PowerCrypt uses a proprietary symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt your data. It is a Windows program.
CCrypt
CCrypt is a command line encryption tool that encrypts the files you specify. It is multiplatform with ports for Windows, Linux, Sun Solaris, Macintosh OS X, FreeBSD, AIX, etc. It uses the Rjindael AES cipher (Advanced Encryption Standard). The source code is available.
MCrypt
mcrypt is a command line tool in the fashion of the Unix crypt command. It allows you to encrypt files that you specify on the command line using one of the following encryption algorithms: Blowfish, Twofish, DES, TripleDES, 3-Way, Safer, Loki97, Gost, RC2, Mars, Rjindael AES, Serpent, Cast, Arcfour and Wake. The OpenPGP encrypted file format is supported. This encryption tools works on Unix systems (including Linux) and has also been ported to Windows.
Caution: Be careful when you use cryptographic / encryption software that do not tell you which algorithm they use. Claims like "strong encryption" and "secure encryption" do not tell you very much - after all, anyone can simply convert the letters on (say) this page to numbers (where a=1, b=2, etc) and still claim it is strong encryption / cryptography. Of course I doubt any program uses such kindergarten tricks. Nonetheless, words like "proprietary encryption" should set you on your guard, and words like "unbreakable encryption" should make you very suspicious. In general, the publicly available encryption algorithms like Rjindael AES tend to be better tested with the weaknesses and strengths known than some obscure proprietary algorithm that might well turn out to be a snake oil product. Note that this is not a comment on the quality of any of the products listed here - it's just a generally well-known cautionary note.
Furthermore, if you need to ensure the privacy or security of your data, you might also be interested in the Free Destructive Deletion Tools, Disk and File Wipe Utilities, Secure Deletion Software page.
As usual, commercial software like the well-known PGP Whole Disk Encryption and PGP Desktop Email Encryption are not listed here.
Sections within this page
* Free On the Fly Disk/File Encryption (OTFE)
* Free Public Key Encryption Software
* Free Encryption Software with Steganography
* Other Free Encryption Software, Free Disk Encryption Tools
Related Pages
* Free Secure Deletion Tools, Wipe Files/Disks, Destructive Data Erasure
* Free Encrypted Email, Encrypted Chat
* Free Encryption Libraries, Cryptographic Source Code
* Free Personal Firewalls
* Free Antivirus Softwrae and Online Virus Scanning
* Free Spyware/Adware/Trojans/Keyloggers/Hijackers Removal, Detection and Prevention Tools
* Free HIPS (Host Intrustion Prevention System) and Application and System Monitoring Software
* Free Anonymous Surfing
* Hard Disk Backup and Restore, Hard Disk Image and Cloning Utilities
Disclaimer
The information provided on this page comes without any warranty whatsoever. Use it at your own risk. Just because a program, book, document or service is listed here or has a good review does not mean that I endorse or approve of the program or of any of its contents. All the other standard disclaimers also apply.
Free On the Fly Disk / File Encryption (OTFE)
Scramdisk 4 Linux New
Scramdisk 4 Linux is a suite of Linux tools that allow you to create and access Scramdisk and TrueCrypt containers. It has a Linux driver that allows you to mount such containers. Scramdisk for Windows and TrueCrypt are free on-the-fly disk encryption software that you can find elsewhere on this page.
FreeOTFE
FreeOTFE is an open source OTFE (on the fly disk encryption) software for Windows. It presumably creates encrypted partitions (the documentation does not explicitly state this, nor does it state if it supports the creation of encrypted container files). You mount the encrypted volume under Windows and it appears as a drive which you can use normally. FreeOTFE supports "hidden volumes" which are encrypted volumes that are created inside another encrypted volume. All FreeOTFE volumes also have no identifiable signature. It is compatible with Linux losetup, which is useful if you need to use your encrypted volumes in both Linux and Windows. Supported ciphers include AES and Twofish, and supported hash algorithms include MD2, MD4, MD5, RIPEMD-128, RIPEMD-160, SHA-1, SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512. At the time I write this review, FreeOTFE is still in BETA testing.
TrueCrypt
TrueCrypt is the successor to E4M (which is no longer maintained). You can use it to encrypt an entire partition of your hard disk or to create an encrypted container file which appears like a normal hard disk to Windows. You can then store and access your files on that virtual drive just like any other file. Since the program does not mark the encrypted container (or partition) in any way, there's no way to for any intruder to guess which file is your encrypted container. This, according to the author, also preserves plausible deniability. Encryption algorithms supported include AES, Blowfish, CAST, IDEA (removed in version 2.1a) and Triple-DES. The source code is available free. This program works under Windows XP, 2000 and 2003 and Linux.
CompuSec
This encryption software will encrypt your entire hard disk (including your operating system) using a "fast AES algorithm". It also supports the encryption of floppy disks, memory sticks and other removable devices. Even your Windows hibernation file is stored encrypted on the disk.
Cryptainer LE
Cryptainer LE allows you to create 25 MB encrypted containers that appear to Windows as disk drives. It supports Windows 95 (OSR 2), 98, ME, 2000, XP and 2003. It uses the Blowfish algorithm. It apparently also allows you to send encrypted emails as well.
CryptoExpert Lite
CryptoExpert Lite is a free on the fly encryption program that creates a virtual disk on your disk from a container file. It supports the CAST encryption algorithm.
E4M Disk Encryption
Working with documents on your computer where you don't want prying eyes to see? You can get free software that sets up a drive on your hard disk where all files saved will be encrypted. The drive need not be an actual hard disk or partition, it can be a file that is set up to look like a drive to Windows for transparent operation. It is easy to use, free, freely redistributable with the full source code available. It works on all Windows systems. Supported encryption include DES, IDEA, Triple-DES, Blowfish, and CAST. If you find yourself continually encrypting individual files on your computer, this might prove to be the easier to use solution. Note: E4M is no longer being maintained. The link above leads to a third party site.
Scramdisk Encryption
Scramdisk allows you to create an encrypted virtual drive on your Windows systems where you can store files which will be automatically encrypted. The drive acts like a normal drive which you can access just like any other disk drive on your system. Supported encryption algorithms include Triple DES (EDE), Blowfish, DES, IDEA, MISTY1, Square, and TEA (both 16 and 32 rounds). This software is no longer supported.
Free Public Key Encryption Software
Windows Privacy Tools (WinPT)
Windows Privacy Tools (including the Windows Privacy Tray, ie WinPT Tray, and the WinPT Explorer Extensions), is a set of tools that allow you to encrypt your data using GnuPG (see elsewhere on this page). It is a frontend to GnuPG that resides in your system tray that may be used as a universal plug-in to any email software. The software is free.
PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) Public Key Encryption
The above link is to the International PGP Home Page, where you can get free binaries and sources for Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) for a variety of operating systems for either US or non-US countries. You can use PGP to encrypt your email in conjunction with your email client, be it Eudora, ELM, PINE, or whatever. PGP is a public key encryption system, which means that you have two keys (passwords), one which is known only to you and the other is known to your recipient. Messages or documents (or whatever) encoded with one key can only be decoded with the other. You can read more about this from the PGP FAQs at the site. Note that the free versions of PGP lag behind the commercial (paid) PGP Whole Disk Encryption and PGP Desktop Email Encryption.
GPG: GNU Privacy Guard
GPG, a.k.a. GnuPG, is the GNU version of PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), a public key encryption system. Like all things GNU, it is free and can be freely distributed and modified. It is generally compatible with the newer PGP versions (depending on the encryption algorithms you choose); but you should read their FAQ for more details.
Free Encryption Software with Steganography
S-Tools
S-Tools is an encryption software with steganographic capabilities. It hides files in BMP, GIF and WAV files after compressing and encrypting them. It runs on Windows and supports drag and drop. It uses the facilities provided in a freely available encryption library cryptlib (which supports a host of well known encryption algorithms like AES, Blowfish, etc) to perform its encryption.
4t HIT Mail Privacy Lite
This encryption software allows you to hide your private data such as email messages inside an image (JPG, GIF, TIFF, BMP, etc). The image is still viewable as an image, but it also contains the encrypted version of your secret message (steganography). The website does not specify which encryption algorithm is used.
Camouflage
This encryption software performs steganographic functions as well. It encrypts your file using an unspecified algorithm (in fact the website merely says it scrambles your data) and attaches them in another file of your choice, such as sound files, picture files, etc. I suspect that this software is only for the casual user (who merely wants to hide files from a prying brother or sister) and not for anyone who really needs strong encryption (such as governmental agencies, banks, companies, and the like).
Other Free Encryption Software, Free Disk Encryption Tools
LockNote New
LockNote encrypts your documents using AES 256. Your encrypted document will have an embedded decryption program that will run when you (or your recipient, if you are sending your document to someone else) double-click it in Windows NT/2000/XP. You can then enter the password to decrypt the document. The program is released under the GNU GPL.
BCArchive
BCArchive is an encrypting, compressing archiver. It can compress a file, a group of files, or folders (subdirectories), and place the result into an encrypted archive. It uses algorithms like IDEA and Blowfish to encrypt the data, and PKCS #5 for deriving the encrypted key from the password string. It is also able to create a self-extracting archive, so that the recipient of your archive (if you're sending it to someone) need not have to install BCArchive to access your files. You can also use public/secret key pairs with this program. BCArchive supports the following symmetric algorithms: Blowfish, IDEA, Triple-DES and CAST5. It supports the following asymmetric algorithms: RSA and ElGammal/Diffie-Hellman. Secure hash algorithms supported include SHA-256, SHA-1, MD5, RIPEMD-160.
AxCrypt
AxCrypt allows you to encrypt your files with the AES encryption algorithm (128-bit key). It supports the use of key files, huge files (more than 4 GB), shredding of temporary and plaintext files, an extensive command line interface as well as a right click interface from Windows Explorer, etc. The program is open source, distributed under the GNU General Public License.
FineCrypt
FineCrypt allows you to encrypt a limited number of folders and files (although it will not encrypt archives like ZIP, ARC, CAB, ARJ, TAR and GZ files). Encryption algorithms supported include MARS, RC-6, Rjindael (AES), Serpent, Twofish, and others. You can encrypt select your encryption mode as well, from ECB, CBC, CFB and OFB. The software also allows you to create encrypted self-extracting executables.
File Buddy
File Buddy encrypts and decrypts your files as well as securely wipes your original plaintext versions. It works on Windows 95, 98, ME, NT4, 2000. It is also able to compress your files before encrypting. The website does not specify the encryption algorithm used.
Crypto-Lock
Crypto-Lock uses SHA-1 and Blowfish (CBC mode) to encrypt your files (including executable files) after compressing it. It can produce self-decrypting modules, and overwrite the original plaintext version.
PowerCrypt 2000
PowerCrypt uses a proprietary symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt your data. It is a Windows program.
CCrypt
CCrypt is a command line encryption tool that encrypts the files you specify. It is multiplatform with ports for Windows, Linux, Sun Solaris, Macintosh OS X, FreeBSD, AIX, etc. It uses the Rjindael AES cipher (Advanced Encryption Standard). The source code is available.
MCrypt
mcrypt is a command line tool in the fashion of the Unix crypt command. It allows you to encrypt files that you specify on the command line using one of the following encryption algorithms: Blowfish, Twofish, DES, TripleDES, 3-Way, Safer, Loki97, Gost, RC2, Mars, Rjindael AES, Serpent, Cast, Arcfour and Wake. The OpenPGP encrypted file format is supported. This encryption tools works on Unix systems (including Linux) and has also been ported to Windows.
Thursday, August 30, 2007
Enable Right Clicks on The Sites Dat Disable it
Enable Right Clicks on The Sites That Disable it
Lots of web sites have disabled the right click function of the mouse button... it's really, really annoying. This is done so that you don't steal (via right-click->save picture) their photos or images or any other goodies. Unfortunately, it disables ALL right-click functionality: copy, paste, open in new window.
It's easy to change, assuming your using IE 6:
Click "Tools"->"Internet Options"
Click the "Security" tab
Click "Custom Level"
Scroll down to the "Scripting" section
Set "Active Scripting" to "disable"
Click "Ok" a couple of times.
You'll probably want to turn this back to "enable" when your done... 'cause generally the javascript enhances a website.
Lots of web sites have disabled the right click function of the mouse button... it's really, really annoying. This is done so that you don't steal (via right-click->save picture) their photos or images or any other goodies. Unfortunately, it disables ALL right-click functionality: copy, paste, open in new window.
It's easy to change, assuming your using IE 6:
Click "Tools"->"Internet Options"
Click the "Security" tab
Click "Custom Level"
Scroll down to the "Scripting" section
Set "Active Scripting" to "disable"
Click "Ok" a couple of times.
You'll probably want to turn this back to "enable" when your done... 'cause generally the javascript enhances a website.
How to Shutdown PC with timer
Do you know that you can make your PC shutdown at a time u wish to?
Here is the trick!!
How To Make A Shutdown Timer!
********** METHOD # 1 ***************
1. Right click on your desktop and choose "New=>shortcuts".
2. In the box that says "Type the location of the shortcut",
type in "shutdown -s -t 3600" without the quotation marks and click next. Note: 3600 are the amount of seconds before your computer shuts down. So , 60secs*60mins=3600secs.
3. Make up a name for the shortcut and you're done.
You can change the icon by right clicking=>properities=>change icon=>browse
TO ABORT:
To make an abort key to stop the shutdown timer just create another shortcut and make
the "location of the shortcut" to " shutdown -a" without the quotes.
********* METHOD # 2 **************{EASIER THAN THE PREVIOUS ONE}
Here is another trick to shutdown at a specific time, for example you wish to shutdown at 11:35am. Type this in
start=>Run
Type Code: at 11:35 shutdown -s
TO ABORT:
Code:shutdown -a
Here is the trick!!
How To Make A Shutdown Timer!
********** METHOD # 1 ***************
1. Right click on your desktop and choose "New=>shortcuts".
2. In the box that says "Type the location of the shortcut",
type in "shutdown -s -t 3600" without the quotation marks and click next. Note: 3600 are the amount of seconds before your computer shuts down. So , 60secs*60mins=3600secs.
3. Make up a name for the shortcut and you're done.
You can change the icon by right clicking=>properities=>change icon=>browse
TO ABORT:
To make an abort key to stop the shutdown timer just create another shortcut and make
the "location of the shortcut" to " shutdown -a" without the quotes.
********* METHOD # 2 **************{EASIER THAN THE PREVIOUS ONE}
Here is another trick to shutdown at a specific time, for example you wish to shutdown at 11:35am. Type this in
start=>Run
Type Code: at 11:35 shutdown -s
TO ABORT:
Code:shutdown -a
Fix Xp problems _Xp problems and their solutions
There is One for Everyone !!
1) When i try to access my task manager(Ctr+Alt+Del)...it displays message
'task manger has been disabled by ur administrator'..., and also i cant access my registry too..!!
what may have caused this problem....
is it becos of some VIRUS...????
how can i repair this without re installing...?? any particular software??
1: Close the IE browser. Log out messenger / Remove Internet Cable.
2: To enable Regedit
Click Start, Run and type this command exactly as given below: (better - Copy and paste)
REG add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System /v DisableRegistryTools /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
3: To enable task manager : (To kill the process we need to enable task manager)
Click Start, Run and type this command exactly as given below: (better - Copy and paste)
REG add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System /v DisableTaskMgr /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
4: Now we need to change the default page of IE though regedit.
Start>Run>Regedit
From the below locations in Regedit chage your default home page to google.com or other.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
HKEY_ LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
HKEY_USERS\Default\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
Just replace the attacker site with google.com or set it to blank page.
5: Now we need to kill the process from back end. Press Ctrl + Alt + Del
Kill the process svhost32.exe . ( may be more than one process is running.. check properly)
6: Delete svhost32.exe , svhost.exe files from Windows/ & temp/ directories. Or just search for svhost in your comp.. delete those files.
7: Go to regedit search for svhost and delete all the results you get.
Start menu > Run > Regedit >
8: Restart the computer. That’s it now you are virus free.
it works !!
2)I don't have IIS( Internet Information Services) windows componet on my system
As far as I know one can't have IIS running on XP Home. I think u will have to upgrade it to XP Prof.
in proff That's simple get the Win XP CD, go to control panel-->add/remove programs and then to add/remove windows components. There u will find the option for adding IIS, just check the checkbox and follow the instructions. You r done!!
3) Folder Option Vanished
IF U WANT UR FILES THT WERE HIDDEN U CAN TYPE *.* IN SEARCH AND ALSO TICK THE OPTION "INCLUDE HIDDEN FILES".
NOW SEARCH IN THE DRIVE IN WHICH U STORED UR FILES, U WILL GET UR FILES BUT TO GET BACK THE OPTION U EITHER HAVE TO REINSTALL WINDOWS OR REPAIR IT. well this is as far as i know..
Post your Comment If you Know More
4) My volume icon is not showing in taskbar, Yet It's Enable From Control Panel > Sound And devices
Assuming that you have tried the basic steps i am directly trying with the most possible solutions. This issue most commmonly occurs because the settings are not saved. Also there might be some startup program which is diabling the Systray.exe from loading up.
Try this...
1) Re-enable the volume icon by disabling and then enabling Place volume icon in the taskbar in the Sound and Audio applet.
2) Then copy the following text which is in red into a notepad file and then save it as "fix.reg". Please make sure that there is no .txt extension after that.
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]
"NoSaveSettings"=dword:00000000
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run]
"SystemTray"="SysTray.Exe"
3) Merge the file to the registry by simply double clicking on it.
4) Reboot
This should definitely work. Please reply back with the status.
Cheers
5)Whenever i try d'loading stuff from the net, the download starts and the comp just restarts. due to dis i have to install d'load managers wich i hate. help needed anyone. i have win xp!
If the computer just restarts itself, it cud possibly be an application crash..
check the Dr.watson log for details..
START-RUN- drwtsn32.
check the path for the log here... open the log and check which application is causing the crash.
turn of automatic reboot,cos you wud miss it if there is a BSOD being generated.
or may be u could try this one out
Go to Start>Run--Type 'services.msc', hit ENTER
Scroll down to a service called Remote Procedure Call, right click, go to properties, there will be a tab named Recover Action, change it to 'Take No Action' if it's not already selected. Your problem should be solved for the time being. Also look for all network related srvices DNS, TCP-IP and also Windows Firewall/ICS service if you're on LAN/WAN, see that all of these are set to Automatic or Manual. Reply to me with results
6)I accidentally deleted the Show Desktop icon which sits normally on the bottom left hand corner of the Taskbar. How do I restore the icon?
Click Start, Run and type the following command:
regsvr32 /n /i:U shell32.dll
The Show Desktop icon file should be available now.
or
Click Start, Run, and type Notepad.exe. Copy the following contents to Notepad.
[Shell]
Command=2
IconFile=explorer.exe,3
[Taskbar]
Command=ToggleDesktop
Save the file as - : Show Desktop.scf. Now, drag the file to the Quick Launch Toolbar. (Notepad might automatically append a .txt extension to the file name. Remove this extension if present.)
1) When i try to access my task manager(Ctr+Alt+Del)...it displays message
'task manger has been disabled by ur administrator'..., and also i cant access my registry too..!!
what may have caused this problem....
is it becos of some VIRUS...????
how can i repair this without re installing...?? any particular software??
1: Close the IE browser. Log out messenger / Remove Internet Cable.
2: To enable Regedit
Click Start, Run and type this command exactly as given below: (better - Copy and paste)
REG add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System /v DisableRegistryTools /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
3: To enable task manager : (To kill the process we need to enable task manager)
Click Start, Run and type this command exactly as given below: (better - Copy and paste)
REG add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System /v DisableTaskMgr /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
4: Now we need to change the default page of IE though regedit.
Start>Run>Regedit
From the below locations in Regedit chage your default home page to google.com or other.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
HKEY_ LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
HKEY_USERS\Default\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
Just replace the attacker site with google.com or set it to blank page.
5: Now we need to kill the process from back end. Press Ctrl + Alt + Del
Kill the process svhost32.exe . ( may be more than one process is running.. check properly)
6: Delete svhost32.exe , svhost.exe files from Windows/ & temp/ directories. Or just search for svhost in your comp.. delete those files.
7: Go to regedit search for svhost and delete all the results you get.
Start menu > Run > Regedit >
8: Restart the computer. That’s it now you are virus free.
it works !!
2)I don't have IIS( Internet Information Services) windows componet on my system
As far as I know one can't have IIS running on XP Home. I think u will have to upgrade it to XP Prof.
in proff That's simple get the Win XP CD, go to control panel-->add/remove programs and then to add/remove windows components. There u will find the option for adding IIS, just check the checkbox and follow the instructions. You r done!!
3) Folder Option Vanished
IF U WANT UR FILES THT WERE HIDDEN U CAN TYPE *.* IN SEARCH AND ALSO TICK THE OPTION "INCLUDE HIDDEN FILES".
NOW SEARCH IN THE DRIVE IN WHICH U STORED UR FILES, U WILL GET UR FILES BUT TO GET BACK THE OPTION U EITHER HAVE TO REINSTALL WINDOWS OR REPAIR IT. well this is as far as i know..
Post your Comment If you Know More
4) My volume icon is not showing in taskbar, Yet It's Enable From Control Panel > Sound And devices
Assuming that you have tried the basic steps i am directly trying with the most possible solutions. This issue most commmonly occurs because the settings are not saved. Also there might be some startup program which is diabling the Systray.exe from loading up.
Try this...
1) Re-enable the volume icon by disabling and then enabling Place volume icon in the taskbar in the Sound and Audio applet.
2) Then copy the following text which is in red into a notepad file and then save it as "fix.reg". Please make sure that there is no .txt extension after that.
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]
"NoSaveSettings"=dword:00000000
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run]
"SystemTray"="SysTray.Exe"
3) Merge the file to the registry by simply double clicking on it.
4) Reboot
This should definitely work. Please reply back with the status.
Cheers
5)Whenever i try d'loading stuff from the net, the download starts and the comp just restarts. due to dis i have to install d'load managers wich i hate. help needed anyone. i have win xp!
If the computer just restarts itself, it cud possibly be an application crash..
check the Dr.watson log for details..
START-RUN- drwtsn32.
check the path for the log here... open the log and check which application is causing the crash.
turn of automatic reboot,cos you wud miss it if there is a BSOD being generated.
or may be u could try this one out
Go to Start>Run--Type 'services.msc', hit ENTER
Scroll down to a service called Remote Procedure Call, right click, go to properties, there will be a tab named Recover Action, change it to 'Take No Action' if it's not already selected. Your problem should be solved for the time being. Also look for all network related srvices DNS, TCP-IP and also Windows Firewall/ICS service if you're on LAN/WAN, see that all of these are set to Automatic or Manual. Reply to me with results
6)I accidentally deleted the Show Desktop icon which sits normally on the bottom left hand corner of the Taskbar. How do I restore the icon?
Click Start, Run and type the following command:
regsvr32 /n /i:U shell32.dll
The Show Desktop icon file should be available now.
or
Click Start, Run, and type Notepad.exe. Copy the following contents to Notepad.
[Shell]
Command=2
IconFile=explorer.exe,3
[Taskbar]
Command=ToggleDesktop
Save the file as - : Show Desktop.scf. Now, drag the file to the Quick Launch Toolbar. (Notepad might automatically append a .txt extension to the file name. Remove this extension if present.)
Tricks To Make XP Litlle bit Better..
Boot XP faster:
1. Open notepad.exe, type "del c:\windows\prefetch\ntosboot-*.* /q" (without the quotes) & save as "ntosboot.bat" in c:\
2. From the Start menu, select "Run..." & type "gpedit.msc".
3. Double click "Windows Settings" under "Computer Configuration" and double click again on "Shutdown" in the right window.
4. In the new window, click "add", "Browse", locate your "ntosboot.bat" file &
click "Open".
5. Click "OK", "Apply" & "OK" once again to exit.
6. From the Start menu, select "Run..." & type "devmgmt.msc".
7. Double click on "IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers"
8. Right click on "Primary IDE Channel" and select "Properties".
9. Select the "Advanced Settings" tab then on the device 0 or 1 that doesn't have 'device type' greyed out select 'none' instead of 'autodetect' & click "OK".
10. Right click on "Secondary IDE channel", select "Properties" and repeat step 9.
11. Reboot your computer.
Increase ur Computers Response time
Indexing services is a small little program that uses large amounts of RAM and can often make a computer endlessly loud and noisy. This system process indexes and updates lists of all the files that are on your computer. It does this so that when you do a search for something on your computer, it will search faster by scanning the index lists. If you don't search your computer often, or even if you do search often, this system service is completley unnessesary.
1.Go to Start
2.Click Settings
3.Click Control Panel
4,Double-click Add/Remove Programs
5,Click the Add/Remove Window Components
6.Uncheck the Indexing services
7.Click Next
That's it, you have now uninstalled the Indexing service, you system will not have more RAM and be more responsive
Correcting System Hang at Startup
If your system hangs about 2 or 3 minutes at startup, where you can't access the Start button or the Taskbar, it may be due to one specific service (Background Intelligent Transfer) running in the background. Microsoft put out a patch for this but it didn't work for me. Here's what you do:
1. Click on Start/Run, type 'msconfig', then click 'OK'.
2. Go to the 'Services' tab, find the 'Background Intelligent Transfer' service, disable it, apply the changes & reboot.
Enhance ur Computers Gaming performance
For Users with 256 MB RAM or more this tweak will boost their Windows- and Game-Performance.
What it does: It tells Windows not to use any Swap File until there is really no more free RAM left.
Open the System Configuration Utility by typing msconfig.exe in the RUN command. There in your System.ini you have to add "ConservativeSwapfileUsage=1" under the 386enh section.
Restart your Windows and enjoy better Game performance.
1. Open notepad.exe, type "del c:\windows\prefetch\ntosboot-*.* /q" (without the quotes) & save as "ntosboot.bat" in c:\
2. From the Start menu, select "Run..." & type "gpedit.msc".
3. Double click "Windows Settings" under "Computer Configuration" and double click again on "Shutdown" in the right window.
4. In the new window, click "add", "Browse", locate your "ntosboot.bat" file &
click "Open".
5. Click "OK", "Apply" & "OK" once again to exit.
6. From the Start menu, select "Run..." & type "devmgmt.msc".
7. Double click on "IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers"
8. Right click on "Primary IDE Channel" and select "Properties".
9. Select the "Advanced Settings" tab then on the device 0 or 1 that doesn't have 'device type' greyed out select 'none' instead of 'autodetect' & click "OK".
10. Right click on "Secondary IDE channel", select "Properties" and repeat step 9.
11. Reboot your computer.
Increase ur Computers Response time
Indexing services is a small little program that uses large amounts of RAM and can often make a computer endlessly loud and noisy. This system process indexes and updates lists of all the files that are on your computer. It does this so that when you do a search for something on your computer, it will search faster by scanning the index lists. If you don't search your computer often, or even if you do search often, this system service is completley unnessesary.
1.Go to Start
2.Click Settings
3.Click Control Panel
4,Double-click Add/Remove Programs
5,Click the Add/Remove Window Components
6.Uncheck the Indexing services
7.Click Next
That's it, you have now uninstalled the Indexing service, you system will not have more RAM and be more responsive
Correcting System Hang at Startup
If your system hangs about 2 or 3 minutes at startup, where you can't access the Start button or the Taskbar, it may be due to one specific service (Background Intelligent Transfer) running in the background. Microsoft put out a patch for this but it didn't work for me. Here's what you do:
1. Click on Start/Run, type 'msconfig', then click 'OK'.
2. Go to the 'Services' tab, find the 'Background Intelligent Transfer' service, disable it, apply the changes & reboot.
Enhance ur Computers Gaming performance
For Users with 256 MB RAM or more this tweak will boost their Windows- and Game-Performance.
What it does: It tells Windows not to use any Swap File until there is really no more free RAM left.
Open the System Configuration Utility by typing msconfig.exe in the RUN command. There in your System.ini you have to add "ConservativeSwapfileUsage=1" under the 386enh section.
Restart your Windows and enjoy better Game performance.
Monday, August 27, 2007
proxy
Proxy ?? its all here
Also Read : "
and Find the Proxies Urself.. one of the best tricks to do it urself !
Heres an small list !!
1. funnel.com
2. http://1208930645
3. https://www.orkut.com
4. www.your-freedom.in
5. http://www.cooltunnel.com/
6. http://www.browseatwork.com
7. http://www.proxify.com
8. http://www.novalok.net
9. http://bypass.4clever.com/
10. www.b3u.net
11. www.hidemyass.com
12. www.mathcookbook.com
13. http://www.guardster.com/subscription/proxy_free.php
14. www.anonymouse.org
15. www.tinyurl.com/ntbam
16. www.ghostproxy.com
17. www.papertigershark.com
18. http://www.iphide.co.uk
19. http://www.hackersproof.com
20. http://www.kcoolonline.com
21. http://www.ghostsurfing.co.uk
22. www.anonycat.comwww.birdsflyfast.com
23. www.browseatwork.com
24. http://rapidwire.net
25. http://62.193.247.221/
26. . http://prox30.com
27. http://www.privax.us
28. http://www.etary.com
29. http://s1.iphide.com
30. http://proxiesrus.com
31. http://www.surfindark.com
32. http://www.navydog.com
33. http://falsario.com
34. http://www.cheekyproxy.com
35. http://www.funkyproxy.com
36. http://www.surfsneaker.com
37. http://www.proxii.com
38. http://www.proxynumber1.com (Replace 1 with any number between 1 to 10)
39. http://myspaceproxyy.com
40. http://tenpass.com
41. http://www.browsesneaky.com
42. http://www.proogle.info
43. http://greatproxy.info
44. http://www.realproxy.info
45. http://aplusproxy.com
46. http://www.ecoproxy.com
47. http://proxiesrus.com/
48. http://www.navydog.com
49. www.cheekyproxy.com
50. www.funkyproxy.com
51. www.surfsneaker.com
52. www.proxii.com
53. http://myspaceproxyy.com
54. http://tenpass.com
55. www.ecoproxy.com
56. http://www.browsehidden.com/
57. http://www.surfsneaky.com/
58. http://www.filterhide.com/
Also Read : "
and Find the Proxies Urself.. one of the best tricks to do it urself !
Heres an small list !!
1. funnel.com
2. http://1208930645
3. https://www.orkut.com
4. www.your-freedom.in
5. http://www.cooltunnel.com/
6. http://www.browseatwork.com
7. http://www.proxify.com
8. http://www.novalok.net
9. http://bypass.4clever.com/
10. www.b3u.net
11. www.hidemyass.com
12. www.mathcookbook.com
13. http://www.guardster.com/subscription/proxy_free.php
14. www.anonymouse.org
15. www.tinyurl.com/ntbam
16. www.ghostproxy.com
17. www.papertigershark.com
18. http://www.iphide.co.uk
19. http://www.hackersproof.com
20. http://www.kcoolonline.com
21. http://www.ghostsurfing.co.uk
22. www.anonycat.comwww.birdsflyfast.com
23. www.browseatwork.com
24. http://rapidwire.net
25. http://62.193.247.221/
26. . http://prox30.com
27. http://www.privax.us
28. http://www.etary.com
29. http://s1.iphide.com
30. http://proxiesrus.com
31. http://www.surfindark.com
32. http://www.navydog.com
33. http://falsario.com
34. http://www.cheekyproxy.com
35. http://www.funkyproxy.com
36. http://www.surfsneaker.com
37. http://www.proxii.com
38. http://www.proxynumber1.com (Replace 1 with any number between 1 to 10)
39. http://myspaceproxyy.com
40. http://tenpass.com
41. http://www.browsesneaky.com
42. http://www.proogle.info
43. http://greatproxy.info
44. http://www.realproxy.info
45. http://aplusproxy.com
46. http://www.ecoproxy.com
47. http://proxiesrus.com/
48. http://www.navydog.com
49. www.cheekyproxy.com
50. www.funkyproxy.com
51. www.surfsneaker.com
52. www.proxii.com
53. http://myspaceproxyy.com
54. http://tenpass.com
55. www.ecoproxy.com
56. http://www.browsehidden.com/
57. http://www.surfsneaky.com/
58. http://www.filterhide.com/
How Not To Get Hacked
Protect Urself !
Follow These Simple Guidelines n u are done
1. Stop using Internet Explorer and make the switch to Opera, it's more secure, plain and simple.
2. Get Spybot Search and Destroy or Spyware Doctor and immediately update it.
3. Get Adaware SE and immediately update it.
(Use both as a 1-2 punch on infected client computers and between the two there's not much they won't kill)
4. Update your anti virus
5. Boot into safe mode and run all three scans
6. While the scans are going check your registry (Click start --> Run and type regedit to get intot he registry) and look in HKEY_CurrentUser/software/microsoft/windows/currentversion/run & HKEY_Local_Machine/software/microsoft/windows/currentversion/run. Verify that all programs listed are legitimate and wanted.
7. If or when your antivirus scan comes across anything, search for that file name in your registry and delete it.
8. Use explorer to go to the windows/system32 folder and sort by date. If you haven't already done so, make sure you can see the entire file names. click Tools --> Folder Options and unclick the box labeled "Hide extensions for known file types" and under Hidden files and folders click "Show hidden files and folders." However, make sure you choose "Hide protected operating system files" so you don't accidentally remove anything that would cripple your computer.. You are looking for recent files with names ending with .exe and .dll that look suspicious. Major culprits will have gibberish names such as alkjdlkjfa.exe.
9. Once you can get clean scans in safe mode, reboot in normal mode and scan all over again. If you can't get a clean scan in regular mode then you have something more persistant that could take more research.
10. Make sure your firewall doesn't have strange exceptions.
11. If you suspect anything that is going wrong with your computer is the action of a stalker, on a more secure system change all your passwords.
12. If your system has been specifically targeted and hacked you can never be 100% sure that your system is no longer compromised so start with 11, make backups of personal files on the infected system and format and re-install Windows.
Good luck!
Follow These Simple Guidelines n u are done
1. Stop using Internet Explorer and make the switch to Opera, it's more secure, plain and simple.
2. Get Spybot Search and Destroy or Spyware Doctor and immediately update it.
3. Get Adaware SE and immediately update it.
(Use both as a 1-2 punch on infected client computers and between the two there's not much they won't kill)
4. Update your anti virus
5. Boot into safe mode and run all three scans
6. While the scans are going check your registry (Click start --> Run and type regedit to get intot he registry) and look in HKEY_CurrentUser/software/microsoft/windows/currentversion/run & HKEY_Local_Machine/software/microsoft/windows/currentversion/run. Verify that all programs listed are legitimate and wanted.
7. If or when your antivirus scan comes across anything, search for that file name in your registry and delete it.
8. Use explorer to go to the windows/system32 folder and sort by date. If you haven't already done so, make sure you can see the entire file names. click Tools --> Folder Options and unclick the box labeled "Hide extensions for known file types" and under Hidden files and folders click "Show hidden files and folders." However, make sure you choose "Hide protected operating system files" so you don't accidentally remove anything that would cripple your computer.. You are looking for recent files with names ending with .exe and .dll that look suspicious. Major culprits will have gibberish names such as alkjdlkjfa.exe.
9. Once you can get clean scans in safe mode, reboot in normal mode and scan all over again. If you can't get a clean scan in regular mode then you have something more persistant that could take more research.
10. Make sure your firewall doesn't have strange exceptions.
11. If you suspect anything that is going wrong with your computer is the action of a stalker, on a more secure system change all your passwords.
12. If your system has been specifically targeted and hacked you can never be 100% sure that your system is no longer compromised so start with 11, make backups of personal files on the infected system and format and re-install Windows.
Good luck!
All File Formats Ever Known "Dictionary"
Somebody Asked me What Are the File Formats ?
Heres d complete list !
A - I
Click here to visit J - Z
ABK
Corel Draw AutoBackup
ACL
Corel Draw 6 keyboard accelerator
ACM
Used by Windows in the system directory
ACP
Microsoft Office Assistant Preview file
ACT
Microsoft Office Assistant Actor file
ACV
OS/2 drivers that compress and decompress audio data
AD
After Dark screensaver
ADB
Appointment database used by HP 100LX organizer
ADD
OS/2 adapter drivers used in the boot process
ADM
After Dark MultiModule screensaver
ADP
Used by FaxWorks to do setup for fax modem interaction
ADR
After Dark Randomizer screensaver
AFM
Adobe font metrics
AF2
ABC Flowchart file
AF3
ABC Flowchart file
AI
Adobe Illustrator drawing
AIF
Apple Mac AIFF sound
ALB
JASC Image Commander album
ALL
Arts & Letters Library
AMS
Velvert Studio music module (MOD) file
ANC
Canon Computer Pattern Maker file that is a selectable list of pattern colors
ANI
Animated Cursor
ANS
ANSI text
API
Application Program Interface file; used by Adobe Acrobat
APR
Lotus Approach 97 file
APS
Microsoft Visual C++ file
ARC
LH ARC (old version) compressed archive
ARJ
Robert Jung ARJ compressed archive
ART
Xara Studio drawing
ART
Canon Crayola art file
ASA
Microsoft Visual InterDev file
ASC
ASCII text
ASD
WinWord AutoSave
ASM
Assembler language source file
ASP
Active Server Page (an HTML file containing a Microsoft server-processed script)
ASP
Procomm Plus setup and connection script
AST
Claris Works "assistant" file
ATT
AT&T Group 4 bitmap
AVI
Microsoft Video for Windows movie
AWD
FaxView document
BAK
Backup file
BAS
BASIC code
BAT
Batch file
BFC
Windows 95 Briefcase document
BG
Backgammon for Windows game
BI
Binary file
BIF
GroupWise initialization file
BIN
Binary file
BK
Sometimes used to denote backup versions
BK$
Also sometimes used to denote backup versions
BKS
An IBM BookManager Read bookshelf
BMK
An A bookmark file
BMP
Windows or OS/2 bitmap
BM1
Apogee BioMenace data file
BRX
A file for browsing an index of multimedia options
BSP
Quake map
BS1
Apogee Blake Stone data file
BTM
Batch file used by Norton Utilities
B4
Helix Nuts and Bolts file
C
C code
CAB
Microsoft cabinet file (program files compressed for software distribution)
CAL
CALS Compressed Bitmap
CAL
Calendar schedule data
CAS
Comma-delimited ASCII file
CAT
IntelliCharge categorization file used by Quicken
CB
Microsoft clean boot file
CCB
Visual Basic Animated Button configuration
CCF
Multimedia Viewer configuration file used in OS/2
CCH
Corel Chart
CCM
Lotus CC:Mail "box" (for example, INBOX.CCM)
CDA
CD Audio Track
CDF
Microsoft Channel Definition Format file
CDI
Phillips Compact Disk Interactive format
CDR
Core Draw drawing
CDT
Corel Draw template
CDX
Corel Draw compressed drawing
CEL
CIMFast Event Language file
CFB
Comptons Multimedia file
CFG
Configuration file
CGI
Common Gateway Interface script file
CGM
Computer Graphics Metafile
CH
OS/2 configuration file
CHK
File fragments saved by Windows Disk Defragmenter or ScanDisk
CHP
Ventura Publisher chapter
CIL
Clip Gallery download package
CIM
Sim City 200 file
CIN
OS/2 change control file that tracks changes to an INI file
CK1
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 1 data file
CK2
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 2 data file
CK3
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 3 data file
CK4
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 4 data file
CK5
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 5 data file
CK6
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 6 data file
CLASS
Java class
CLP
Windows Clipboard file
CLS
Visual Basic Class Module
CMD
Command file for Windows NT (similar to a DOS .BAT file)
CMD
DOS CP/M command file
CMD
dBase-II program file
CMF
Corel Metafile
CMP
JPEG Bitmap
CMP
Address document
CMV
Corel Move animation
CMX
Corel Presentation Exchange image
CNF
Configuration file used by Telnet, Windows, and other applications
CNM
Windows application menu options and setup file
CNQ
Compuworks Design Shop file
CNT
Windows (or other) system content files for the help index and other purposes
COB
trueSpace2 object
COD
Microsoft C compiler output as displayable assembler with original C as comments
COM
Command file (program)
CPD
Fax Cover document
CPE
Fax Cover document
CPI
Microsoft MS-DOS code page information file
CPL
Control Panel extension
CPL
Corel colour palette
CPP
C++ code
CPR
Corel Presents Presentation
CPT
Corel Photo-Paint image
CPX
Corel Presentation Exchange Compressed drawing
CRD
Cardfile file
CRP
Corel Presents Run-Time Presentation
CRT
Certificate file
CSC
Corel Script
CSP
PC Emcee On-Screen image
CSV
Comma-separated values file
CT
Scitex CT Bitmap
CTL
Used in general to mean a file containing control information.
CUE
Microsoft Cue Cards data
CUR
Windows Cursor
CUT
Dr Halo bitmap
CV
Corel Versions archive
CV
Microsoft CodeView information screen
CWK
Claris Works data file
CWS
Claris Works template
CXX
C++ source code file
DAT
Data file
DAT
WordPerfect Merge Data
DBF
Aston-Tate dBASE database
DBX
DataBeam image
DCR
Shockwave file
DCS
Desktop Color Separation file
DCX
Fax image (based on PCX)
DDF
BTRIEVE database
DEF
SmartWare II data file
DEF
C++ Definition
DER
Certificate file
DIB
Device-Independent Bitmap
DIC
Dictionary
DIF
Data Interchange Format spreadsheet
DIR
Macromedia Director file
DIZ
Description file
DLG
C++ Dialogue Script
DLL
Dynamic-Link Library
DMF
X-Trakker music module (MOD) file
DOC
FrameMaker or FrameBuilder document
DOC
WordStar document
DOC
WordPerfect document
DOC
Microsoft Word document
DOT
Microsoft Word document Template
DPR
Borland Delphi project header file
DRV
Driver
DRW
Micrografx Designer/Draw
DSG
DooM saved game
DSM
Dynamic Studio music module (MOD) file
DSP
Microsoft Developer Studio project
DSQ
Corel QUERY file
DSW
Microsoft Developer Studio workspace
DWG
AutoCAD drawing eXchange format
DXF
AutoDesk Drawing Interchange format
EMF
Enhanced Windows Metafile
ENC
Encore file
EPS
Encapsulated PostScript image
ER1
ERWin file
ERX
ERWin file
EVY
Envoy document
EWL
Microsoft Encarta document
EXE
Executable file (program)
F
FORTRAN file
F77
FORTRAN file
F90
FORTRAN file
FAR
Farandole Composer music module (MOD) file
FAV
Microsoft Outlook navigation bar
FAX
FAX Type image
FH3
Aldus Freehand 3 drawing
FIF
Fractal image file
FITS
CCD camera image
FLC
AutoDesk FLIC animation
FLI
AutoDesk FLIC animation
FLT
Corel filter
FLT
StarTrekker music module (MOD) file
FMB
Oracle binary source code for form, version 4.0 and later
FMT
Oracle text format of form, version 4.0 and later
FMT
Microsoft Schedule+ print file
FMX
Oracle executable form, version 4.0 and later
FOG
Fontographer font
FON
System font
FOR
FORTRAN file
FOT
Font-related file
FP
FileMaker Pro file
FP1
Flying Pigs for Windows data file
FP3
FileMaker Pro file
FPX
FlashPix bitmap
FRM
Form
FRM
FrameMaker or FrameBuilder document
FRM
Oracle executable form version 3.0 and earlier
FRM
Visual Basic form
FRM
WordPerfect Merge form
FRX
Visual Basic form stash file
GAL
Corel Multimedia Manager album
GCP
Ground Control Point file used in image processing of remote sensing data .
GED
Graphic Environment Document (drawing)
GEM
GEM metafile
GEN
Ventura-Generated text file
GFC
Patton&Patton Flowcharting 4 flowchart file
GFI
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GFX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GID
Windows 95 global index file (containing help status)
GIF
CompuServe bitmap
GIM
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GIX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GNA
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GNX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GRA
Microsoft Graph
GRD
Grid file, used in image processing of remote sensing data often to form map projections.
GRP
Program Manager Group
GTK
Graoumftracker (old) music module (MOD) file
GT2
Graoumftracker (new) music module (MOD) file
GWX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GWZ
Genigraphics Graphics Link pres
H
C program header
HED
HighEdit document
HEL
Microsoft Hellbender saved game
HEX
Macintosh BinHex 2.0 file
HGL
HP Graphics Language drawing
HLP
Help file
HOG
Lucas Arts Dark Forces WAD file
HPJ
Visual Basic Help Project
HPP
C++ program header
HQX
Macintosh BinHex 4.0 file
HST
History file
HT
HyperTerminal
HTM
Hypertext document
HTML
Hypertext document
HTX
Extended HTML template
ICA
Citrix file
ICB
Targa bitmap
ICM
Image Color Matching profile file
ICO
Windows Icon
IDD
MIDI Instrument Definition
IDQ
Internet Data Query file
IFF
Amiga ILBM
IGF
Inset Systems metafile
IIF
QuickBooks for Windows interchange file
IMA
WinImage file
IMG
GEM image
INC
Assembler language or Active Server include file
INF
Information file
INI
Initialization file
INP
Oracle source code for form, version 3.0 and earlier
INS
InstallShield install script
INS
X-Internet sign-up file
ISO
Lists the files on a CD-ROM; based on the ISO 9660 CD-ROM file system standard
ISP
X-Internet sign-up file
ISU
InstallShield uninstall script
IT
Impulse Tracker music module (MOD) file
IW
Idlewild screensaver
Heres d complete list !
A - I
Click here to visit J - Z
ABK
Corel Draw AutoBackup
ACL
Corel Draw 6 keyboard accelerator
ACM
Used by Windows in the system directory
ACP
Microsoft Office Assistant Preview file
ACT
Microsoft Office Assistant Actor file
ACV
OS/2 drivers that compress and decompress audio data
AD
After Dark screensaver
ADB
Appointment database used by HP 100LX organizer
ADD
OS/2 adapter drivers used in the boot process
ADM
After Dark MultiModule screensaver
ADP
Used by FaxWorks to do setup for fax modem interaction
ADR
After Dark Randomizer screensaver
AFM
Adobe font metrics
AF2
ABC Flowchart file
AF3
ABC Flowchart file
AI
Adobe Illustrator drawing
AIF
Apple Mac AIFF sound
ALB
JASC Image Commander album
ALL
Arts & Letters Library
AMS
Velvert Studio music module (MOD) file
ANC
Canon Computer Pattern Maker file that is a selectable list of pattern colors
ANI
Animated Cursor
ANS
ANSI text
API
Application Program Interface file; used by Adobe Acrobat
APR
Lotus Approach 97 file
APS
Microsoft Visual C++ file
ARC
LH ARC (old version) compressed archive
ARJ
Robert Jung ARJ compressed archive
ART
Xara Studio drawing
ART
Canon Crayola art file
ASA
Microsoft Visual InterDev file
ASC
ASCII text
ASD
WinWord AutoSave
ASM
Assembler language source file
ASP
Active Server Page (an HTML file containing a Microsoft server-processed script)
ASP
Procomm Plus setup and connection script
AST
Claris Works "assistant" file
ATT
AT&T Group 4 bitmap
AVI
Microsoft Video for Windows movie
AWD
FaxView document
BAK
Backup file
BAS
BASIC code
BAT
Batch file
BFC
Windows 95 Briefcase document
BG
Backgammon for Windows game
BI
Binary file
BIF
GroupWise initialization file
BIN
Binary file
BK
Sometimes used to denote backup versions
BK$
Also sometimes used to denote backup versions
BKS
An IBM BookManager Read bookshelf
BMK
An A bookmark file
BMP
Windows or OS/2 bitmap
BM1
Apogee BioMenace data file
BRX
A file for browsing an index of multimedia options
BSP
Quake map
BS1
Apogee Blake Stone data file
BTM
Batch file used by Norton Utilities
B4
Helix Nuts and Bolts file
C
C code
CAB
Microsoft cabinet file (program files compressed for software distribution)
CAL
CALS Compressed Bitmap
CAL
Calendar schedule data
CAS
Comma-delimited ASCII file
CAT
IntelliCharge categorization file used by Quicken
CB
Microsoft clean boot file
CCB
Visual Basic Animated Button configuration
CCF
Multimedia Viewer configuration file used in OS/2
CCH
Corel Chart
CCM
Lotus CC:Mail "box" (for example, INBOX.CCM)
CDA
CD Audio Track
CDF
Microsoft Channel Definition Format file
CDI
Phillips Compact Disk Interactive format
CDR
Core Draw drawing
CDT
Corel Draw template
CDX
Corel Draw compressed drawing
CEL
CIMFast Event Language file
CFB
Comptons Multimedia file
CFG
Configuration file
CGI
Common Gateway Interface script file
CGM
Computer Graphics Metafile
CH
OS/2 configuration file
CHK
File fragments saved by Windows Disk Defragmenter or ScanDisk
CHP
Ventura Publisher chapter
CIL
Clip Gallery download package
CIM
Sim City 200 file
CIN
OS/2 change control file that tracks changes to an INI file
CK1
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 1 data file
CK2
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 2 data file
CK3
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 3 data file
CK4
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 4 data file
CK5
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 5 data file
CK6
iD/Apogee Commander Keen 6 data file
CLASS
Java class
CLP
Windows Clipboard file
CLS
Visual Basic Class Module
CMD
Command file for Windows NT (similar to a DOS .BAT file)
CMD
DOS CP/M command file
CMD
dBase-II program file
CMF
Corel Metafile
CMP
JPEG Bitmap
CMP
Address document
CMV
Corel Move animation
CMX
Corel Presentation Exchange image
CNF
Configuration file used by Telnet, Windows, and other applications
CNM
Windows application menu options and setup file
CNQ
Compuworks Design Shop file
CNT
Windows (or other) system content files for the help index and other purposes
COB
trueSpace2 object
COD
Microsoft C compiler output as displayable assembler with original C as comments
COM
Command file (program)
CPD
Fax Cover document
CPE
Fax Cover document
CPI
Microsoft MS-DOS code page information file
CPL
Control Panel extension
CPL
Corel colour palette
CPP
C++ code
CPR
Corel Presents Presentation
CPT
Corel Photo-Paint image
CPX
Corel Presentation Exchange Compressed drawing
CRD
Cardfile file
CRP
Corel Presents Run-Time Presentation
CRT
Certificate file
CSC
Corel Script
CSP
PC Emcee On-Screen image
CSV
Comma-separated values file
CT
Scitex CT Bitmap
CTL
Used in general to mean a file containing control information.
CUE
Microsoft Cue Cards data
CUR
Windows Cursor
CUT
Dr Halo bitmap
CV
Corel Versions archive
CV
Microsoft CodeView information screen
CWK
Claris Works data file
CWS
Claris Works template
CXX
C++ source code file
DAT
Data file
DAT
WordPerfect Merge Data
DBF
Aston-Tate dBASE database
DBX
DataBeam image
DCR
Shockwave file
DCS
Desktop Color Separation file
DCX
Fax image (based on PCX)
DDF
BTRIEVE database
DEF
SmartWare II data file
DEF
C++ Definition
DER
Certificate file
DIB
Device-Independent Bitmap
DIC
Dictionary
DIF
Data Interchange Format spreadsheet
DIR
Macromedia Director file
DIZ
Description file
DLG
C++ Dialogue Script
DLL
Dynamic-Link Library
DMF
X-Trakker music module (MOD) file
DOC
FrameMaker or FrameBuilder document
DOC
WordStar document
DOC
WordPerfect document
DOC
Microsoft Word document
DOT
Microsoft Word document Template
DPR
Borland Delphi project header file
DRV
Driver
DRW
Micrografx Designer/Draw
DSG
DooM saved game
DSM
Dynamic Studio music module (MOD) file
DSP
Microsoft Developer Studio project
DSQ
Corel QUERY file
DSW
Microsoft Developer Studio workspace
DWG
AutoCAD drawing eXchange format
DXF
AutoDesk Drawing Interchange format
EMF
Enhanced Windows Metafile
ENC
Encore file
EPS
Encapsulated PostScript image
ER1
ERWin file
ERX
ERWin file
EVY
Envoy document
EWL
Microsoft Encarta document
EXE
Executable file (program)
F
FORTRAN file
F77
FORTRAN file
F90
FORTRAN file
FAR
Farandole Composer music module (MOD) file
FAV
Microsoft Outlook navigation bar
FAX
FAX Type image
FH3
Aldus Freehand 3 drawing
FIF
Fractal image file
FITS
CCD camera image
FLC
AutoDesk FLIC animation
FLI
AutoDesk FLIC animation
FLT
Corel filter
FLT
StarTrekker music module (MOD) file
FMB
Oracle binary source code for form, version 4.0 and later
FMT
Oracle text format of form, version 4.0 and later
FMT
Microsoft Schedule+ print file
FMX
Oracle executable form, version 4.0 and later
FOG
Fontographer font
FON
System font
FOR
FORTRAN file
FOT
Font-related file
FP
FileMaker Pro file
FP1
Flying Pigs for Windows data file
FP3
FileMaker Pro file
FPX
FlashPix bitmap
FRM
Form
FRM
FrameMaker or FrameBuilder document
FRM
Oracle executable form version 3.0 and earlier
FRM
Visual Basic form
FRM
WordPerfect Merge form
FRX
Visual Basic form stash file
GAL
Corel Multimedia Manager album
GCP
Ground Control Point file used in image processing of remote sensing data .
GED
Graphic Environment Document (drawing)
GEM
GEM metafile
GEN
Ventura-Generated text file
GFC
Patton&Patton Flowcharting 4 flowchart file
GFI
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GFX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GID
Windows 95 global index file (containing help status)
GIF
CompuServe bitmap
GIM
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GIX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GNA
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GNX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GRA
Microsoft Graph
GRD
Grid file, used in image processing of remote sensing data often to form map projections.
GRP
Program Manager Group
GTK
Graoumftracker (old) music module (MOD) file
GT2
Graoumftracker (new) music module (MOD) file
GWX
Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
GWZ
Genigraphics Graphics Link pres
H
C program header
HED
HighEdit document
HEL
Microsoft Hellbender saved game
HEX
Macintosh BinHex 2.0 file
HGL
HP Graphics Language drawing
HLP
Help file
HOG
Lucas Arts Dark Forces WAD file
HPJ
Visual Basic Help Project
HPP
C++ program header
HQX
Macintosh BinHex 4.0 file
HST
History file
HT
HyperTerminal
HTM
Hypertext document
HTML
Hypertext document
HTX
Extended HTML template
ICA
Citrix file
ICB
Targa bitmap
ICM
Image Color Matching profile file
ICO
Windows Icon
IDD
MIDI Instrument Definition
IDQ
Internet Data Query file
IFF
Amiga ILBM
IGF
Inset Systems metafile
IIF
QuickBooks for Windows interchange file
IMA
WinImage file
IMG
GEM image
INC
Assembler language or Active Server include file
INF
Information file
INI
Initialization file
INP
Oracle source code for form, version 3.0 and earlier
INS
InstallShield install script
INS
X-Internet sign-up file
ISO
Lists the files on a CD-ROM; based on the ISO 9660 CD-ROM file system standard
ISP
X-Internet sign-up file
ISU
InstallShield uninstall script
IT
Impulse Tracker music module (MOD) file
IW
Idlewild screensaver
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